Lakshmana Rao Mantri

Shear Strength; Hydraulic Heave; Modulus of Elasticity; Poisson’s Ratio; Permeability.

Assessment of hydraulic heave for any deep excavations is very critical and appropriate suitable methods as well as good engineering practice shall be adopted for the assessment of hydraulic heave depending on the subsurface profile. Consideration of shear strength of cohesive soils plays an important role while estimation of hydraulic heave. This paper presents the assessment of hydraulic heave by analytical and finite element analysis for the deep excavation in layered soils.

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[2] Nishida, Y, “Vertical Stress and Vertical Deformation of Ground Under a Deep Circular Uniform Pressure in the Semi-infinite”. Proceedings of 1st Congress of International Society for Rock Mechanics, Vol.2, 1996, pp. 493-498.
[3] Wudtke R.B and Witt K.J. (2013), “Hydraulic Heave in Cohesive Soils”, Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Paris 2013, 2013, pp. 1-13.
[4] DIN EN 1997-1, “Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design, Part 1: General rules”, Part 1, October 2001, pp. 1-155.
[5] Plaxis Software for Finite Element Method , https://www.geoengineer.org/software/plaxis-2d Accessed on 15.09.2020

Namrata Tripathi, Gurusharan Kaur, R K Sharma

COVID-19; MERS; Pandemic; Artificial Intelligence; Prediction

COVID-19 is a virus still has the potential to spread across countries with no vaccination developed around the world. Artificial intelligence techniques can be instilled to help design better strategies and make productive decisions. These techniques evaluate the situations of the past thus allowing better predictions on the situation that will occur in the future. These mathematical predictions can help prepare for potential threats and consequences. Artificial intelligence techniques play a very important role in obtaining accurate prediction. To calculate the risk factor in the community by using random samples. The predictions of cumulative positive cases of MERS-COVID-19 are by probability methods. Analysis and assumption of outbreak of the disease will be improved by estimating the random sample. Forecast of a pandemic can be made on different parameters like the impact of environmental factors, the effect of quarantine, the incubation period, age, gender and many other factors. Decision making process will be improved. This study examines these challenges and also provides a number of recommendations for people currently battling the global COVID-19 pandemic.

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Vinod B R, Shobha R, Vikas C, Praveen Kumar D S, Darshan J, Bhuvanesh G

Red Soil; Alccofine; Sodium Meta Silicate; Maximum Moisture Content; Maximum Dry Density; Compressive Strength; Stabilized Mud Blocks.

This paper presents the tests that are carried on soil using stabilizers in manufacturing stabilized mud block. Stabilization of mud blocks are also called as compressed earth block it is a building material made from damp soil which are later compressed at high pressure, and made into blocks. Main material used in preparing the stabilized mud blocks is the soil. Using soil as main material and adding stabilizers to the soil such as Alccofine (pozzolanic materials) and Sodium meta silicate. Basic tests were carried out as Specific gravity, liquid limit, plastic limit, regular proctor test, Unconfined compression test with a maximum load of 43.5 KN and are held for 0, 3, 7 days. In order to find out the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), Maximum Dry Density (MDD) and compression strength, three samples were made by adding the proportions as 1.96 percentage red soils with 4 percentage Alccofine, 2. 97 percentage Red soil with 3 percentage sodium meta silicate and 3.93 percentage Red soil with both 4 percentage Alccofine and 3 percentage sodium meta silicate. As the days of curing increases the compressive strength of the blocks increases.

[1] A. Dhanalakshmi, M. Gokulakrishnan, ‘Experimental Investigation on Stabilized Mud Blocks, IJSRD – International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 6, Issue 02, 2018 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613, 4 pages.
[2] Anil Kumar S, Chandra S, Sharath. M Y, Theertharama N, Vasipallivamsikrishnareddy, ‘Experimental Study on Behavior of Stabilized Mud Block Using Fly ash and Quarry Dust’ International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org) Volume 2, Issue 6 | ISSN: 2456-3315, 6
[3] Jijo James, P. Kasinatha Pandian, K. Deepika, J. ManikandaVenkatesh,V. Manikandan, and P. Manikumaran, ‘Cement Stabilized Soil Blocks Admixed with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash’ Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Engineering Volume 2016, Article ID 7940239, 9 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7940239.
[4] Rakesh D R1, Arpitha V A2, Afaque Ahmed3, Dr S Kavitha4, ‘Stabilized Mud Blocks Using Alccofines and GGBS, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), www.irjet.net , Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019, 4 pages.
[5] S. Vimala, K .Kumarasamy, ‘Studies on The Strength of Stabilized Mud Block Masonry Using Different Mortar Proportions, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering (www.ijetae.com) (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2014), 5 pages.
[6] Vinu Prakash , Amal Raj, Aravind S, Basil Mathew, Sumith V R , Volume 3 (January 2016) ‘STUDIES ON STABILIZED MUD BLOCK AS A CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL, International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering (IJIRAE) ISSN: 2349-2763 Issue 01,www.ijirae.com, 6 pages.

Dr. Bhawana Asnani

Organic Waste; Vermi-composting; Vermi-culture

Waste Management comprises the sum of all measures for the avoidance and minimization also because the controlled and environmentally acceptable disposal of waste of all types’ i.e. domestic waste also as commercial and industrial waste. Landfill, Incineration and Composting are the three methods normally used for management of organic and inorganic wastes. Present study was undertaken to find out the effect of vermi-composting on the nutrients availability from different types of organic waste available from kitchen of Hostel, farm of Krishi Vigyan Kendra and water body of Amreli. Vermicompost helps in further enhancement of nutrients and improve the quality of compost irrespective of type of waste due to the action of earthworms. The compost prepared from kitchen waste has highest nutrient composition (viz. NPK, C:N and C:P ratio) followed by farm waste and water hyacinth. The vermicomposting is a cost effective and simple technology which can be easily learned and adopted to treat organic waste effectively.

[1] Arthanari P.M., (1997) Vermicomposting of Water Hyacinth, Kisan World, Desh Publication, Madras- 14 (24): 6, 42 .
[2] Census of India (2011).
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[4] Salvi P. (1997). Composition of Solid Waste. Integrated Solid Waste Management, Hamburger Umwelt Institute and Save Bombay Committee, Mumbai. 14-18 .
[5] Singh G.B., (1996) Strategy for Balanced Usage, Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture ICAR, New Delhi, 151-152.
[6] TERI, (1998) Energy Demand: Domestic Sector, TEDDY, Tata Energy Research Institute, New Delhi, 241-250.

M. Subhashini

Quantum Dot Cellular Automato; Image Processing; Nano Electronics

This paper presents the important of employing Quantum Dot Cellular Automato in Image processing. Quantum Dot Cellular Automato is anupcoming technology of Nano electronics ensuring very low power consumption, maximized clock speed, low silicon area utilization and performance enriching parallel processing techniques. Here we discussed the fundamental of image processing techniques and application role of quantum dot cellular automato in it.

[1] Cardenas-Barrera, J. L., Plataniotis, K. N.Venetsanopoulos, A. N. (2002). QCA implementation of a multichannel filter for image processing. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 8(1), 87–99.
[2] Debnath, B., Das, J. C., De, D., & Ghosh, T. (2016). Image masking using quantum-dot cellular automata. In Devices, Circuits and Systems (ICDCS), 2016 3rd International Conference on (pp. 231–235). IEEE.
[3] Haris, K., Efstratiadis, S. N., Maglaveras, N., & Katsaggelos, A. K. (1998). Hybrid image segmentation using watersheds and fast region merging. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 7(12), 1684–1699.
[4] Lent, C. S., Isaksen, B., & Lieberman, M. (2003). Molecular quantum-dot cellular automata. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 125(4), 1056–1063.
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[6] Maragos, P., & Schafer, R. (1987). Morphological filters–Part I: Their set-theoretic analysis and relations to linear shift-invariant filters. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 35(8), 1153–1169.
[7] Russ, J. C. (2016). The image processing handbook. CRC press.
[8] Sen, B., Anand, A. S., Adak, T., & Sikdar, B. K. (2011). Thresholding using quantum-dot cellular automata. In Innovations in Information Technology (IIT), 2011 International Conference on (pp. 356–360). IEEE.
[9] Suganiya, P. J., & Ferdin, J. (2014). A Novel Structure for Image Negative using Quantum Cellular Automata Adder. International Journal of Engineering Resesrch & Technology (IJERT), 3, 84–88.
[10] Tehrani, M. A., Safaei, F., Moaiyeri, M. H., & Navi, K. (2011). Design and implementation of multistage interconnection networks using quantum-dot cellular automata. Microelectronics Journal, 42(6), 913–922.

Manjulika Gautam, Prof. Udai Pratap Singh, Dr. Rohini Khurana, Anju Pandey

Natural vitamin C intake, Head and neck cancer, Quality of life, EORTC QLQ

Alternative medicines are most sought after directions when the patients are diagnosed with high grade carcinomas. The rise in the use of dietary supplements and herbal medications by patients makes it imperative to re-evaluate the past findings of clinical studies. Among unconventional approaches, high dose vitamin C is one of the most widely used and studied, yet controversial approaches. In case of the high-symptom burden and high morbidity, evaluation of quality of life (QOL) becomes important. The study therefore evaluates the impact of intake of 120mg/day vitamin C from natural sources on quality of life of head and neck cancer patients (N=20) at a tertiary care centre located in Lucknow. The responses were obtained using the bilingual EORTC QLQ-C30 (version3.0) and EORTC QLQ-HN35 (version 1.0). The results obtained from dependent sample t-test reveal that oral intake of vitamin C from natural sources can be helpful in providing relief from constipation and problems related to teeth. The study suggests that the oral intake can be helpful in mitigation of cancer and further research should be done as to determine the further applicability of vitamin C in treatment of cancer.

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[2] Aaronson NK, A. S. (1993). The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: A quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology. . Journal of the National Cancer Institute , 365-376.
[3] Cloos PA, C. J. (2008). Erasing the methyl mark: histone demethylases at the center of cellular differentiation and disease. Genes Dev , 1115-1140.
[4] Dua, J., Cullena, J. J., & Buethnera, G. R. (2012). Ascorbic acid: Chemistry, biology and the treatment of cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta , 443-457.
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[8] Jonas CR, P. A. (2000). Plasma antioxidant status after high-dose chemotherapy: a randomized trial of parenteral nutrition in bone marrow transplantation patients. Am J Clin Nutr , 181–90.
[9] Ki, B., & Mead, M. N. (2003). Vitamin C in alternative cancer treatment: historical background. Inteqr Cancer Ther , 147-54.
[10] Klimant, E., Wright, H., Rubin, D., Seely, D., & Markman, M. (2018). Intravenous vitamin C in the supportive care of cancer patients:a review and rational approach. Current Oncology, 139-148.
[11] Klimant, E., Wright, H., Rubin, D., Seely, D., & Markman, M. (2018). Intravenous vitamin C in the supportive care of cancer patients:a review and rational approach.Current Oncology , 139-148.
[12] Levine M, C.-C. C. (1996). Vitamin C pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers: evidence for a recommended dietary allowance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , 3704-3709.
[13] Lu H, D. C. (2005). Reversible inactivation of HIF-1 prolyl hydroxylases allows cell metabolism to control basal HIF-1. J Biol Chem , 41928–41939.
[14] Mandl J, S. A. (2009). Vitamin C: update on physiology and pharmacology. Br J Pharmacol. , 1097-110.
[15] Mata, A. d., Carvalho, R. d., Alencar, M. d., Carvalho Melo CavalCante, A. d., & da silva, B. B. (2016). Ascorbic acid in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Rev Assoc Med Bras , 680-686.
[16] Mayland CR, B. M. (2005.). Vitamin C deficiency in cancer patients. Palliat Med , 17–20.
[17] Ohno, S., Chno, Y., Suzuki, N., Soma, G.-I., & Inoue, M. (2009). High-dose Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Therapy in the Treatment of Patients with Advanced Cancer. International journal of Cancer research and treatment , 809-815.
[18] Park, S. (2013, September 9). The Effects of High Concentrations of Vitamin C on Cancer Cells. Nutrients , 3496-3505.
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[21] Wilson, M. K., Baguley, B. C., Wall, C., Jameson, M. B., & Findlay, M. P. (2014). Review of high-dose intravenous vitamin C as an anticancer agent. Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology , 22-37.
[22] Yeom CH, J. G. (2007). Changes of terminal cancer patients’ health-related quality of life after high dose vitamin C administration. J Korean Med Sci . , 7–11.

Mylaudy Dr. S. Rajadurai, K.J.Rajakumar

Exhaust Noise Level; Fuel Efficiency; Carbon dioxide; Backpressure;, Muffler; Design of Experiment; Optimization; Order Noises; Scatter Matrix; Bubble Chart

Automotive system assemblies are mandated to have increased safety, reliability, emission/noise performance, comfort and value. Carbon dioxide regulations in CAFÉ norms from 130 g/km in 2017 to 113 g/km in 2022 change in base reference is very huge in terms of fuel efficiency improvement from 15% to 30% in 2022. Acoustic optimization in exhaust system with reduced back pressure needs a systematic development process. This paper establishes a systematic and sequential optimization process to improve engine performance with high fuel efficiency by tracing out the sensitive parameters in muffler that cause severity in achieving non-complimentary and imperative acoustic targets. 1D simulation tool GT-Power integrated with modeFRONTIER is used to execute several DOE (Design of Experiment) to optimize the muffler internals. 1.2L, 3 cylinder gasoline engine performances were analyzed and plotted in different pictorial analysis charts. As the result of statistic and optimized analysis 4 dB(A) noise reduction at 1500 rpm in 3rd order noise level with 14% reduced back pressure was achieved. Adopting the optimization technology reduces development stage by minimizing the number of iterations and it reduces the development cost.

[1] [1] Roy, Mohammad UzzalHossainJoardder and Md. ShazibUddin, (2010), “Effect of Engine Backpressure on the Performance and Emissions of a CI Engine” The 7th Jordanian International Mechanical Engineering Conference (JIMEC’7) 27 – 29 September 2010, Amman – Jordan.
[2] HONG Han-chi, HUANG Hong-wu, BAI Yi-jie, (2012) “Optimization of Intake and Exhaust System for FSAE Car Based on Orthogonal Array Testing”, International Journal of Engineering and Technology Volume 2 No. 3, March, 2012.
[3] Hanjun Dai, Elias B. Khalil , Yuyu Zhang, Bistra Dilkina†, Le Song “Learning Combinatorial Optimization Algorithms over Graphs”.
[4] Rajadurai.S, Naveen.S (2015) ” Muffler Optimization for Increased Fuel Efficiency Iterations Using Taguchi Orthogonal Array for Controlling CO2”, IJISET – International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 3.

Rajkumari Thagele, Mohan Lal Kori

Wheat; Six Parameter Models; Gene Effects

Cancer is one among the leading causes of death worldwide. Cancer cells proliferate at much faster rate than the normal cells. The available traditional cancer chemotherapy is not essentially selective as it depends on the kinetics of the cell growth.1Breast cancer is common lethal cause of malignancy among women around all the countries. Early detection of breast cancer facilitates the diagnosis and treatment prior to metastasis. Despite remarkable development in new medicine findings and therapies for carcinoma during previous decades, no significant treatment methods are accessible for cancer-affected people with invasive and metastatic carcinoma. During this stage, the patients have less response to cancer therapy thanks to recurrence properties of cancer.

[1] Jagadeesh G Hiremath, V Kusum Devi (2011). Preparation and in vitro characterization of poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-based tamoxifen citrate-loaded cylindrical subdermal implant for breast cancer. Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences: 9-14.
[2] Jun H.Lee and Anjan Nan (2012). Combination of drug delivery approaches in metastatic Breast Cancer. Jou. of Drug Delivery. 1-17.
[3] Mali Deeapak, Nanjwade Basavaraj, Manvi F.V. (2013). Formulation and charactertization of Tamoxifen loaded stealth lipososmes for breast cancer. International Journal of Drug Development and Research. 5 (1):271-278.
[4] Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi, (2016) Srisesharam Srigopalram,Soundharrajan Ilavenil,Young Ock Kim, Paul Agastian, Rajasekhar Baaru, Kannan Balamurugan, Ki Choon Choi, and Mariadhas Valan Arasu Proteomic Analysis of Stage-II Breast Cancer from Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissues. BioMed Research International. Volume.1-6.
[5] Navneet Sharma, Parshotam Madan, Senshang Lin (2016) Effect of process and formulation variables on the preparation of parenteral paclitaxel-loaded biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles : A co-surfactant study. Asian L. of pharmaceutical sciences 11: 404–416.
[6] Özgür Erdem1 and Ezzettin Tokta G .Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors about Breast Self-Examination and Mammography among Female Primary Healthcare Workers in DiyarbakJr, Turkey. BioMed Research International.1-6.
[7] P. Convreur (2013). Nanoparticles in drug delivery: Past, Present and Future.Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews.65: 21-23.
[8] Prajna Mishra, Bismita Nayak, R.K. Dey (2016). PEGylation in anti-cancer therapy: An overview. Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences 11: 337–348.
[9] Rajath Othayoth1 K. Santhosh Kumar2 & Varshini Karthik (2013). Development and Characterization of Chitosan-Pluronic Polymeric Nanoparticles for the Breast Cancer Treatment. International Journal on Mechanical Engineering and Robotics. Volume-1(1):71-79.
[10] Sanjeev R. Acharya a, Padmanabha R.V. Reddy (2016). Brain targeted delivery of paclitaxel using endogenous ligand. Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences 11:427–438.

K.Anusudha

Power Factor Penalty; Time of Day Tariff; Demand and Energy Charges

Medical Imaging has remoulded the Healthcare system. It has become a vital tool for rapid diagnosis with visualisation of the interior of the body. Telemedicine is that the remote delivery of healthcare services over the telecommunication infrastructure. This paper aims at providing security to the medical images transmitted over public networks. It addresses the following traits of Medical Image Security namely: Confidentiality, Patient’s control, Data Integrity and Consent Exception .The objective of the paper roots on providing theoretical ideas by combining Watermarking schemes with Cryptography techniques for developing enhanced security algorithms for transaction of medical images. The various parameters used for the measurement of the performance and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms such as Entropy, Number of Pixel Change Rate, Unified Average Change in Intensity, Correlation Coefficient, Mean Squared Error and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio are discussed. This paper provides a road map in constructing new algorithm by combining cryptography and watermarking technique for secure transaction of medical.

[1] Abdelaziz, I.H., A.Basem and A.H., Heba (2013). An Intelligent Watermarking Approach Based Particle Swarm Optimization in Discrete Wavelet Domain, International Journal of Computer Science (IJCSI), Vol.10, No 1, pp330-338.
[2] Abdullah, A.H., R. Enayatifar and M. Lee (2012). A hybrid encryption algorithm and chaotic function model for image encryption,AEU Int. J. Electron Commun., Vol.66, pp. 806-816.
[3] Acharya, U.R., P.S.Bhat, S.Jumar and L.Min (2003). Transmission and storage of medical images with patient information, J.Comp.Biol.Med.Vol.33, pp. 303-310.
[4] Acharya,R., U.C.Niranjan, S.S.Iyengar, N.Kannathal and L.C Min (2004).Simultaneous storage of patient information with medical images in the frequency domain, J. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine.,Vol.76,pp.13-19.
[5] Bouslimi, D., G.Coatrieux and C.Roux (2012). A joint encryption / watermarking algorithm for verifying thereliability of medical images: application to echographic images, J. Comput. Methods Prog. Biomed, Vol.106,pp.47-54.
[6] Cao, H.K., Huang and X.Q. Zhou (2003). Medical image security in a HIPAA mandated PACS environment, J.Comput.Med.Imaging Graphics, Vol. 27, pp. 185-196.
[7] Chao, H.M., C.M. Hsu and S.G. Miaou (2002). A data-hiding technique with authentication, integration, and confidentiality for electronic patients records, IEEE Transactions Information Technology in Biomedicine, Vol. 6,pp. 46-53.
[8] Cheng,S., Q.Wu and K.R.Castleman (2005).Non-ubiquitous digital watermarking for record indexing and integrity protection of medical images, Proc. of ICIP, Vol. 2, pp. 1062-1065.
[9] Coatrieux.G., H.Maitre,B.Sankur,Y.Rolland and R.Collorec (2000).Relevance of watermarking in medical imaging,Proc. of IEEE-EMBS Conference on Information Technology Application in Biomedicine, Arlington,VA, pp. 250-255.
[10] Farina, M., K. Deb and P. Amota (2004).Dynamic mutli-objective optimization problems test cases, approximation and applications, IEEE Transaction Evolutionary Computations, Vol. 8, pp.425-442.
[11] FrankY.Shih and Yi-Ta Wu (2005). Enhancement of image watermark retrieval based on genetic algorithms,Elsevier journal of visual communication and visual representation, Vol.16, pp.115-133.
[12] Fridrich,J., ,M.Goljan and R.Du (2001). Invertible authentication, Proc.SPIE Proc. on Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents, San Jose, California, pp.23-26.
[13] Giakoumaki,A., S.Pavlopoulos and D.Koutsouris (2003).A medical image watermarking scheme based on wavelet transform,Proc. 25th Annual Int.Conf. of the IEEE EMBS ,Vol.1, pp 856-859.
[14] Hernandez.J.R., and F. Pérez-González (1999).Statistical analysis of watermarking schemes for copyright protection of images,Proc. IEEE Special Issue Identification and Protection of Multimedia Information, Vol. 87, pp. 1142-1166.
[15] Luo,X., Q.Chenag and J.Tan (2003).A lossless data embedding scheme for medical images in application of e-diagnosis,Proc. 25th Annual Int. Conf. of the IEEE EMBS, Vol.1, pp. 852-855.
[16] Leier,A., C.Richter, W.Banzhaf and H.Rauhe (1997). Cryptography with DNA binary stands, J.of BioSystems, Vol.57,pp.9-22.
[17] Nayak,J., P.S.Bhat, M.S.Kumar and R.Acharya (2004).Reliable transmission and storage of medical images with patient information using error control codes,Proc.of IEEE Indicon, pp. 147-150.
[18] Pareek,N.K.,Vinod Patidar and K.K.Sud (2006).Image encryption using chaotic logistic map, Elsevier Image and Vision Computing, Vol.24, pp.926-934.
[19] Rabil,B.S., R.Sabourin, E.Granger (2010). Intelligent watermarking with multi objective population based incremental learning,IEEE International conference on intelligent information hiding and multimedia signal processing (IIH-MSP), Darmsdt, Germany, pp. 131-134.
[20] Sharp .T (2001).An implementation of key based digital signal steganography,Proc.4th International workshop on Information Hiding ,Vol. 2137, pp.13-26.
[21] Shih,F.Y., and Y.Ta Wu (2005) .Robust watermarking and compression for medical images based on genetic algorithms, Journal of Information sciences ,Vol.175, No. 3, pp. 200-216.
[22] Srinivasan,Y., B.Nutter, S. Mitra, B.Phillips and D.Ferris (2004). Secure transmission of medical record using high capacity steganography,Proc. 17th IEEE symposium on computer based medical systems, pp. 122-212.
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[24] Wei,X., L.Guo , Q.Zhang , J.Zhang and S.Lian (2012).A novel color image encryption algorithm based on DNA sequence operation and hyper-chaotic system, J.System and Software,Vol.85, pp.290-299.
[25] Zhou, X.Q., H.K. Huang and S.L. Lou (2001).Authenticity and integrity of digital mammography images, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Vol. 20, pp. 784-791.

K. Sujatha, V. Srividhya, Bikrant Nayak

Internet of Things; Automatic Irrigation System; Raspberry Pi; Soil Moisture; Cloud Computing

Farmers have been growing their crops and vegetables with varied success which depends on the moisture content of the soil. The major task is to monitor the moisture content of the soil and the other related parameters like temperature, humidity and light intensity so as to provide a closed loop monitoring system. So it is decided to monitor and automate the irrigation system for the advancement in agriculture field. By implementing this cost effective agriculture monitoring scheme a milestone can be created in green revolution. This module serves the purpose of monitoring the plants from anywhere at any point of time, by integrating this system with cloud technology.

[1] https://www.healthtap.com/topics/symptoms-usually-affect-fingers-toes-nose-lips-or-earlobes
[2] http://patient.info/health/raynauds-phenomenon-leaflet
[3] Sebastian Zickau, Dirk Thatmann, Tatiana Ermakova,Jonas Repschl¨ager, R¨udiger Zarnekow, and Axel K¨upper, “IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cloud Networking”pp.333-338, 2014.
[4] Nimmy John, Sanath Shenoy, “Health Cloud – Healthcare As A service(HaaS)”,International Conference on Advances in Computing,Communications and Informatics (ICACCI) , pp.1963-1966, 2014.
[5] Zhiyuan Lu, Xiang Chen, Zhongfei Dong, Zhangyan Zhao, Xu Zhang, “A Prototype of Reflection Pulse Oximeter designed for mobile health care, DOI 10.1109/JBHI.2015.2465861, IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, No. of pages 12, 2015.
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