Author
Dr. Anuja Rajoriya, Vaibhav, Manish Samyal
Keywords
Childhood Obesity; Metabolic Syndrome; Cardiometabolic Risk Factors; Pediatric Obesity; Childhood Nutrition; Pediatric Public Health.
Abstract
Childhood obesity has emerged as one of the most pressing global public health challenges, contributing significantly to the development of metabolic disorders and long-term chronic diseases. The rising prevalence of childhood obesity is associated with multiple cardiometabolic complications including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. This cross-sectional analytical study examines the prevalence of childhood obesity and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors among 264 children aged 6–15 years attending pediatric health clinics and school health programs. Elevated BMI levels were strongly associated with increased cardiometabolic risk indicators, including insulin resistance and abnormal lipid profiles. Children with sedentary lifestyles and poor dietary habits demonstrated significantly higher obesity prevalence. BMI level was the strongest predictor of metabolic risk (F=7.41, p=0.001). The study highlights the importance of early preventive interventions, lifestyle modification programs, and community-based health promotion strategies to address childhood obesity.
References
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[3] Dietz, W. H., Bandini, L. G., & Gortmaker, S. (1990). Epidemiologic and metabolic risk factors for childhood obesity. Klinische Padiatrie, 202(02), 69-72.
[4] Gepstein, V., & Weiss, R. (2019). Obesity as the main risk factor for metabolic syndrome in children. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10, 568.
[5] Faienza, M. F., et al. (2016). The dangerous link between childhood and adulthood predictors of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Internal and Emergency Medicine, 11(2), 175-182.
[6] Nehus, E., & Mitsnefes, M. (2019). Childhood obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Pediatric Clinics, 66(1), 31-43.
[7] Del-Rio-Navarro, B. E., et al. (2008). Obesity and metabolic risks in children. Archives of Medical Research, 39(2), 215-221.
[8] Dunford, L. J., Langley-Evans, S. C., & McMullen, S. (2012). Childhood obesity and risk of the adult metabolic syndrome: a systematic review. International Journal of Obesity, 36(1), 1-11.
[9] Salbe, A. D., et al. (2002). Assessing risk factors for obesity between childhood and adolescence: II. Energy metabolism and physical activity. Pediatrics, 110(2), 307-314.
[10] Weiss, R., & Kaufman, F. R. (2008). Metabolic complications of childhood obesity: identifying and mitigating the risk. Diabetes Care, 31(Supplement_2), S310-S316.
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[12] Kim, H. J., et al. (2016). Relationships of physical fitness and obesity with metabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism, 21(1), 31-38.
[13] Weiss, R., & Caprio, S. (2005). The metabolic consequences of childhood obesity. Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 19(3), 405-419.
[14] Serap, S., Mevlut, B., Inanc, C., & Ender, S. (2007). Metabolic syndrome in childhood obesity. Indian Pediatrics, 44(9), 657.
[15] Perng, W., et al. (2014). Metabolomic profiles and childhood obesity. Obesity, 22(12), 2570-2578.
[16] Weihrauch-Bluher, S., & Wiegand, S. (2018). Risk factors and implications of childhood obesity. Current Obesity Reports, 7(4), 254-259.
[17] Brambilla, P., et al. (2007). Metabolic risk-factor clustering estimation in children. International Journal of Obesity, 31(4), 591-600.
[18] Drozdz, D., et al. (2021). Obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors: from childhood to adulthood. Nutrients, 13(11), 4176.
[19] Pollock, N. K. (2015). Childhood obesity, bone development, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 410, 52-63.
[20] Ashifa, K. M. (2019). Developmental initiatives for persons with disabilities. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 10(12), 1257–1261.
[21] Ashifa, K. M. (2020). Effect of substance abuse on physical health of adolescents. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 7(2), 3155–3160.
[22] Ashifa, K. M. (2020). Physical health hazards of schizophrenia patients. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(12), 1848–1850.
[23] Ashifa, K. M. (2021). Analysis on the determinants of health status among tribal communities. Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research, 12(3), 531–534.
[24] Ashifa, K. M. (2021). Health status of primitive tribal women in India. Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research, 12(5), 772.
[25] Ashifa, K. M. (2022). A situation analysis of the social well-being of elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(3), 10156–10163.
[26] Ashifa, K. M., & Ramya, P. (2019). Health afflictions and quality of work life among women working in fireworks industry. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 8(6S3), 1723–1725.
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[30] Gayathri, R. K., Vettriselvan, R., et al. (2025). Striking a Balance: Mental Health Challenges and Work-Life Integration. Texila International Journal of Public Health, 13(2).
[31] Gayathri, R. K., Vettriselvan, R., et al. (2025). Strategic Role of Human Resource Management in Enhancing Occupational Health and Safety Practices. Texila International Journal of Public Health, 13(2).
[32] Jenifer, R. D., Vettriselvan, R., et al. (2025). Green Marketing in Healthcare Advertising: A Global Perspective. In AI Impacts on Branded Entertainment and Advertising (pp. 303-326). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[33] Kariveliparambil, A., et al. (2026). Evolving Social Capital in Indigenous Communities. Journal of Social Service Research, 52(1), 147–166.
[34] Mustafa, N., et al. (2026). Empowering future caregivers: the role of self-leadership in reducing stress among nursing students. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 39(1), 74-103.
[35] Ranganathan, M., et al. (2024). An investigation of the effects of chronic stress on attention in parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Universal Journal of Public Health, 12(1), 37–50.
[36] Rasi, R. A., & Ashifa, K. M. (2019). Role of community-based programmes for active ageing. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 10(12).
[37] Shanthi, H. J., et al. (2025). Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Enhancing Urban Health. In Nexus of AI, Climatology, and Urbanism for Smart Cities (pp. 275-306). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[38] Swadhi, R., et al. (2025). Leveraging Machine Learning for Enhanced Patient Engagement and Outcomes. In Impact of Digital Transformation on Business Growth and Performance (pp. 313-340). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[39] Venice, A., Swadhi, R., et al. (2026). Rehabilitation Robotics and Adaptive Motion Planning for Patient-Centric Care. In Intelligent Motion Control for Human-Centered Systems (pp. 51-76). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[40] Vettriselvan, R. (2025). Harnessing innovation and digital marketing in the era of industry 5.0: resilient healthcare SMEs. In The Future of Small Business in Industry 5.0 (pp. 163-186). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
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[42] Vettriselvan, R., & Rajan FSA, A. J. (2019). Occupational Health Issues Faced by Women in Spinners. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 10(1).
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[49] Kumar, A., et al. (2024). Malignant parotid gland tumours: A case series from a tertiary care centre in Western Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Carcinogenesis, 24(2), 157–163. https://doi.org/10.64149/J.Carcinog.24.2.157-163
[50] Avinash, K., Aanieq, M., Kanwar, S., Mansi, S., & Thajana Devi, K. (2025). Reinke’s Edema in A 5-Year-Old Child — A Rare Entity. Ame Journal of Surgery and Clinical Case Reports, 15(1), 1-4.
[51] Patel, A. M., Goel, S., Rai, V., Gopal, A. V., Gupta, V., & Nagpal, S. (2025). Anaesthetic management of 60-year-old female with ankylosing spondylitis undergoing a restorative surgery: A case report. International Journal of Medical and All Body Health Research, 6(2), 152–154. https://doi.org/10.54660/IJMBHR.2025.6.2.152-154
[52] Jain, T., Sahu, R. L., Bhatia, R., & Pratap, H. (2025). A comparative analysis of functional outcome of distal femur fractures treated with locking compression plate fixation and non-locking plate fixation. International Journal of Medical and All Body Health Research, 6(3), 200–207. https://doi.org/10.54660/IJMBHR.2025.6.3.200-207
[53] Kumar, A., Sinha, G., Sharma, M., Srivastava, S., & Acharya, K. (2025). Oncocytic variant of mucoepidermoid carcinoma parotid — a surgical case report. Journal of Contemporary Clinical Practice, 11(10), 291-294.
[54] Kumar, A., Titoria, C., Sinha, G., Sharma, M., & Yadav, E. (2025). Rare Coexistence of Follicular Adenoma Thyroid and Colloid Goitre — A Surgical Case Report. Journal of Contemporary Clinical Practice, 11(7), 391-395.
[55] Mahaveerakannan, R., Anitha, C., Balamanigandan, R., & Saraswathi, S. (2025). Enhanced Public Security: Modified YOLO Network for Unattended Object Detection in Dynamic Environments. In 2025 Global Conference in Emerging Technology (GINOTECH) (pp. 1-8). IEEE..
Received : 29 January 2026
Accepted : 27 March 2026
Published : 31 March 2026
DOI: 10.30726/ijmrss/v13.i1.2026.1327