Author
S. Ogbaji, C.I.C Ebirim, U.W Dozie and A.D. Oguizu
Keywords
HIV/AIDS; Viral Load Suppression; Dolutegravir-based Regimen; Federal Medical Centre Owerri; Nigeria.
Abstract
Introduction: In Nigeria, the majority of patients on antiretroviral therapy are on dolutegravir-based regimens which are the result of the massive transition of patients from non-dolutegravir-based regimens to dolutegravir-based regimens. This study assessed the effectiveness of dolutegravir-based regimens in suppressing viral load in HIV seropositive adults in comparison to non-dolutegravir-based regimens.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was used to assess the viral loads of 385 patients accessing HIV care and treatment at Federal Medical Centre Owerri. Subjects were selected using a simple random sampling method. Data was analysed using IBM-SPSS statistics version 25, statistical charts were drawn on Microsoft Excel 16. Descriptive statistician technique (Frequency distribution) was also used. T distribution test technique for paired samples and descriptive technique were used accordingly.
Results: The result of the study shows that 96.4% of patients on dolutegravir-based regimens have a viral load of less than1000 copies/ml as against 70.4% when these patients were on dolutegravir-based regimens. Participants with poor adherence, which is less than 95%, recorded a lower suppression rate (83.6%) than those with good adherence, which recorded 99.1% suppression. Similarly, the viral load suppression rate was higher among the patients without disease co-morbidity (98.9%) compared to the co-morbidity group (89.2%).
Conclusion: The study shows that 96.4% of adults accessing HIV treatment at FMC Owerri and on first-line regimens are virally suppressed.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was used to assess the viral loads of 385 patients accessing HIV care and treatment at Federal Medical Centre Owerri. Subjects were selected using a simple random sampling method. Data was analysed using IBM-SPSS statistics version 25, statistical charts were drawn on Microsoft Excel 16. Descriptive statistician technique (Frequency distribution) was also used. T distribution test technique for paired samples and descriptive technique were used accordingly.
Results: The result of the study shows that 96.4% of patients on dolutegravir-based regimens have a viral load of less than1000 copies/ml as against 70.4% when these patients were on dolutegravir-based regimens. Participants with poor adherence, which is less than 95%, recorded a lower suppression rate (83.6%) than those with good adherence, which recorded 99.1% suppression. Similarly, the viral load suppression rate was higher among the patients without disease co-morbidity (98.9%) compared to the co-morbidity group (89.2%).
Conclusion: The study shows that 96.4% of adults accessing HIV treatment at FMC Owerri and on first-line regimens are virally suppressed.
References
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[7] World Health Organization. Guidelines on HIV self-testing and partner notification: supplement to the consolidated guidelines on HIV testing services. 2016. Available athttps://apps.who. int/iris/ handle/10665/251655
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[9] World Health Organization. “Recommendation of dolutegravir as preferred HIV treatment option in all populations”. 2019. Available athttps://www.who.int/news/item/22-07-2019-who-recommends-dolutegravir-as-preferred-hiv-treatment-option-in-all-populations.
[10] Chindo Ibrahim Bisallah, Michael OchigboOnyilo, Muhammad AbubakarAmali, BilkisuSulaiman,Yahaya Mohammed Katagum, Tijani Salami&Aishatu. Effectiveness of Dolutegravir (DTG), an HIV integrase inhibitorinimproving viral load suppression among HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients in General Hospital Minna, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS). Aug. 2020, PP 27-32
[11] GedefawDiress , Samuel Dagne , BirhanAlemnew , SeteamlakAdane & AmanuelAddisu.Viral Load Suppression after Enhanced Adherence Counseling and Its Predictors among High Viral Load HIV Seropositive People in North Wollo Zone Public Hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia, 2019: Retrospective Cohort Study. AIDS Res Treat.April 2020; 2020:8909232. Available athttps://www.hindawi. com /journals/art/2020/8909232/
[2] World Health Organization. “Updated recommendations on first-line and second-line antiretroviral regimens and post-exposure prophylaxis and recommendations on early infant diagnosis of HIV” 2018. Available athttps://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-CDS-HIV-18.51.
[3] United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. “Explainer on Undetectable equals Untransmittable” Public health and HIV viral load suppression. 2018. Available athttps://www.unaids.org/sites/ default/files/media_asset/undetectable-untransmittable_en.pdf
[4] Federal Ministry of Health Nigeria. National AIDS and STIs Control Programme. “National Guidelines for HIV Prevention, Treatment and Care” 2020.
[5] World Health Organization. Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection in Clinical Guidelines: Antiretroviral Therapy. A framework for voluntary medical male circumcision: effective HIV prevention and a gateway to improved adolescent boys’& men’s health in Eastern and Southern Africa by 2021. 2016. Available at https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/246234
[6] World Health Organization.“Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection: recommendations for a public health approach” 2nd ed. 2016. Available at https://www.who.int/ publications/ i/ item/ 9789241549684.
[7] World Health Organization. Guidelines on HIV self-testing and partner notification: supplement to the consolidated guidelines on HIV testing services. 2016. Available athttps://apps.who. int/iris/ handle/10665/251655
[8] U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for Aids Relief 3.0. Controlling the Epidemic: Delivering on the Promise of an AIDS-free Generation. 2014.
[9] World Health Organization. “Recommendation of dolutegravir as preferred HIV treatment option in all populations”. 2019. Available athttps://www.who.int/news/item/22-07-2019-who-recommends-dolutegravir-as-preferred-hiv-treatment-option-in-all-populations.
[10] Chindo Ibrahim Bisallah, Michael OchigboOnyilo, Muhammad AbubakarAmali, BilkisuSulaiman,Yahaya Mohammed Katagum, Tijani Salami&Aishatu. Effectiveness of Dolutegravir (DTG), an HIV integrase inhibitorinimproving viral load suppression among HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients in General Hospital Minna, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS). Aug. 2020, PP 27-32
[11] GedefawDiress , Samuel Dagne , BirhanAlemnew , SeteamlakAdane & AmanuelAddisu.Viral Load Suppression after Enhanced Adherence Counseling and Its Predictors among High Viral Load HIV Seropositive People in North Wollo Zone Public Hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia, 2019: Retrospective Cohort Study. AIDS Res Treat.April 2020; 2020:8909232. Available athttps://www.hindawi. com /journals/art/2020/8909232/
Received :26February2023
Accepted :18June2023
Published :27June2023
DOI: 10.30726/esij/v10.i2.2023.102001
Viral-Suppression-among-HIV-Seropositive-Adults-on-Dolutegravi.pdf