Head and Neck Malignancies Multimodal Treatment Strategies Integrating Surgery, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy

Dr. Nandini Sethi, Yashswi Chauhan, Neha

Head and Neck Cancer; Multimodal Therapy; Chemoradiotherapy; Head and Neck Oncology; Immunotherapy; Multidisciplinary Cancer Treatment.

Head and neck malignancies represent a heterogeneous group of cancers arising from the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and salivary glands. These cancers account for a significant proportion of global cancer morbidity and mortality, particularly in regions with high prevalence of tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus infection. Due to the anatomical complexity of the head and neck region and the functional importance of these structures in speech, swallowing, and respiration, treatment requires carefully coordinated multidisciplinary care. This cross-sectional analytical study examines the effectiveness of multimodal treatment approaches among 192 patients. Combined treatment strategies involving surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy demonstrated the highest survival outcomes (F=6.51, p=0.001), particularly in patients with advanced-stage tumours. Integration of targeted therapies and immunotherapy also showed promising improvements in treatment response rates. The study emphasises the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration, personalised treatment planning, and integration of emerging therapeutic technologies in improving outcomes for patients with head and neck malignancies.

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