Author
Dr. Avinash Kumar, Ketan Sharma, Dr. Arun Kumar
Keywords
Chronic Rhinosinusitis; Sinusitis Management; Endoscopic Sinus Surgery; Patient-Reported Outcomes; SNOT-22; Rhinology Clinical Outcomes.
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory condition affecting the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa, characterised by persistent nasal obstruction, facial pain, nasal discharge, and reduced quality of life. Management of CRS remains a significant clinical challenge due to its multifactorial pathophysiology and variable treatment responses. This cross-sectional analytical study evaluates the clinical outcomes of CRS management by examining the effectiveness of medical and surgical treatment strategies and their impact on patient-reported outcomes among 196 patients. Combined medical and surgical management strategies demonstrate improved clinical outcomes compared with isolated treatment approaches. Patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery following unsuccessful medical therapy showed significant improvements in symptom severity and quality-of-life measures (F=7.36, p=0.001). SNOT-22 scores were strongly associated with treatment success. The study highlights the importance of patient-centred clinical decision-making, early diagnostic evaluation, integrated treatment strategies, and emerging digital health innovations in managing CRS.
References
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[48] Vijayalakshmi, M., Subramani, A. K., Vettriselvan, R., Velmurugan, P. R., & Hasine, J. (2025). Strategic Collaborations in Medical Innovation and AI-Driven Globalization: Advancing Healthcare Startups. In Navigating Strategic Partnerships for Sustainable Startup Growth (pp. 85-110). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
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[2] Aukema, A. A., & Fokkens, W. J. (2004). Chronic rhinosinusitis: management for optimal outcomes. Treatments in Respiratory Medicine, 3(2), 97–105.
[3] Cain, R. B., & Lal, D. (2013). Update on the management of chronic rhinosinusitis. Infection and Drug Resistance, 1–14.
[4] Hamilos, D. L. (2011). Chronic rhinosinusitis: epidemiology and medical management. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 128(4), 693–707.
[5] Hessler, J. L., et al. (2007). Clinical outcomes of chronic rhinosinusitis in response to medical therapy. American Journal of Rhinology, 21(1), 10–18.
[6] Konsur, E., et al. (2022). Race and ethnicity define disparate clinical outcomes in chronic rhinosinusitis. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 129(6), 737–741.
[7] Meier, J. C., et al. (2014). A new model for collection of clinical outcomes data in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology, 4(5), 411–415.
[8] Metson, R. B., & Gliklich, R. E. (2000). Clinical outcomes in patients with chronic sinusitis. The Laryngoscope, 110(S94), 24–28.
[9] Rudmik, L., et al. (2015). Patient-reported outcome measures for adult chronic rhinosinusitis. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 136(6), 1532–1540.
[10] Samargandy, S., et al. (2021). Medical and surgical treatment outcomes in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and immunodeficiency. International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology, 11(2), 162–173.
[11] Shin, J. J., et al. (2025). Clinical Practice Guideline: Surgical Management of Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, 172, S1–S47.
[12] Soler, Z. M., et al. (2009). Relationship between clinical measures and histopathologic findings in chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 141(4), 454–461.
[13] Steele, T. O., et al. (2016). Patient-centred decision making: the role of the baseline SNOT-22 in predicting outcomes. International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology, 6(6), 590–596.
[14] Woo, S. D., et al. (2026). Impact of Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Long-term Clinical Outcomes in Adults with Asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice.
[15] Arockia, V. J., Vettriselvan, R., Rajesh, D., Velmurugan, P. R. R., & Cheelo, C. (2025). Leveraging AI and Learning analytics for enhanced distance learning: transformation in education. In AI and learning analytics in distance learning (pp. 179-206). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[16] Ashifa, K. M. (2019). Developmental initiatives for persons with disabilities: Appraisal on village-based rehabilitation of Amar Seva Sangam. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 10(12), 1257–1261.
[17] Rasi, R. A., & Ashifa, K. M. (2019). Role of community-based programmes for active ageing: Elders self-help group in Kerala. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 10(12).
[18] Ashifa, K. M. (2020). Effect of substance abuse on physical health of adolescents. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 7(2), 3155–3160.
[19] Ashifa, K. M. (2020). Physical health hazards of schizophrenia patients. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(12), 1848–1850.
[20] Ashifa, K. M. (2021). Analysis on the determinants of health status among tribal communities. Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research, 12(3), 531–534.
[21] Ashifa, K. M. (2021). Health status of primitive tribal women in India. Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research, 12(5), 772.
[22] Ashifa, K. M. (2022). A situation analysis of the social well-being of elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(3), 10156–10163.
[23] Ashifa, K. M., & Ramya, P. (2019). Health afflictions and quality of work life among women working in fireworks industry. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 8(6S3), 1723–1725.
[24] Basha, R., Pathak, P., Sudha, M., Soumya, K. V., & Arockia Venice, J. (2025). Optimization of quantum dilated convolutional neural networks: Image recognition with quantum computing. Internet Technology Letters, 8(3), e70027.
[25] Catherine, S., Gupta, N., Gopi, E., & Swadhi, R. (2025). Enhancing Patient Engagement and Outcomes Through Digital Transformation: Machine Learning in Medical Marketing. In Impact of Digital Transformation on Business Growth and Performance (pp. 285-312). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[26] Devi, M., Manokaran, D., Sehgal, R. K., Shariff, S. A., & Vettriselvan, R. (2025). Precision Medicine, Personalized Treatment, and Network-Driven Innovations: Transforming Healthcare With AI. In AI for Large Scale Communication Networks (pp. 303-322). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[27] Elkin, N., Mohammed, A. K., Kilincel, S., Soydan, A. M., Tanriver, S. C., Celik, S., & Ranganathan, M. (2025). Mental health literacy and happiness among university students: A social work perspective to promoting well-being. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 16, 1541316.
[28] Gayathri, R. K., Vettriselvan, R., Rajesh, D., Balakrishnan, R., Kumar, R., & Kavitha, J. (2025). Striking a Balance: Mental Health Challenges and Work-Life Integration among Women Faculty in Indian B-Schools. Texila International Journal of Public Health, 13(2).
[29] Gayathri, R. K., Vettriselvan, R., Rajesh, D., Balakrishnan, R., Kumar, R., & Kavitha, J. (2025). Strategic Role of Human Resource Management in Enhancing Occupational Health and Safety Practices in Business Schools in India. Texila International Journal of Public Health, 13(2).
[30] Jenifer, R. D., Vettriselvan, R., Saxena, D., Velmurugan, P. R., & Balakrishnan, A. (2025). Green Marketing in Healthcare Advertising: A Global Perspective. In AI Impacts on Branded Entertainment and Advertising (pp. 303-326). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[31] Kariveliparambil, A., Rasi, R. A., Ahmad, M. S., Oztas, N., & Ayan, F. S. (2026). Evolving Social Capital in Indigenous Communities: Perspectives on Trust, Reciprocity, and Cultural Preservation Among Irula Elders. Journal of Social Service Research, 52(1), 147–166.
[32] Mustafa, N., Zahoor, H., Gamil, R. E., Ashifa, K. M., & Safaei, M. (2026). Empowering future caregivers: the role of self-leadership in reducing stress among nursing students. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 39(1), 74-103.
[33] Natraj, N. A., Abirami, T., Ananthi, K., Venice, J. A., Chandru, R., & Rathish, C. R. (2024). The Impact of 5G Technology on the Digital Supply Chain and Operations Management Landscape. In Applications of New Technology in Operations and Supply Chain Management (pp. 289-311). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[34] Ranganathan, M., Jacob, A., Ashifa, K. M., Kumar, G. J., Anthony, M., Vijay, M., & Kumari, R. B. (2024). An investigation of the effects of chronic stress on attention in parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Universal Journal of Public Health, 12(1), 37–50.
[35] Shanthi, H. J., Gokulakrishnan, A., Sharma, S., Deepika, R., & Swadhi, R. (2025). Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Enhancing Urban Health: Applications, Challenges, and Innovations. In Nexus of AI, Climatology, and Urbanism for Smart Cities (pp. 275-306). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[36] Swadhi, R., Gayathri, K., Suresh, N. V., Catherine, S., & Velmurugan, P. R. (2025). Leveraging Machine Learning for Enhanced Patient Engagement and Outcomes: Revolutionizing Healthcare Marketing. In Impact of Digital Transformation on Business Growth and Performance (pp. 313-340). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[37] Swadhi, R., Velmurugan, P. R., Mahalingam, U., Keerthana, R., & Padmavathy, N. (2026). Embedding Fairness and Resilience: Human-Centered Leadership in AI-Driven Workplaces. In Centering Positive Organizational Cultures Through Human-Centered Leadership (pp. 139-162). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[38] Venice, J. A., Arivazhagan, D., Suman, N., Shanthi, H. J., & Swadhi, R. (2025). Recommendation systems and content personalization: algorithms, applications, and adaptive learning. In AI for Large Scale Communication Networks (pp. 323-348). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[39] Venice, J. A., Vettriselvan, R., Rajesh, D., Suresh, N. V., & Abirami, P. (2025). Enabling personalized learning and adaptive systems through strategic management: cloud integration in education. In Bridging Academia and Industry Through Cloud Integration in Education (pp. 49-72). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[40] Venice, J. A., Vettriselvan, R., Jain, S., Madusudanan, K., & Aarthy, C. C. J. (2025). Performance Evaluation and Metrics in Blockchain Powered AI/ML: Data Analytics for Cognitive Internet of Things (CIoT). In Transforming Education With AI-Powered Personalized Learning (pp. 143-178). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[41] Venice, A., Swadhi, R., Gayathri, K., Chandra, P., & Sajana, K. P. (2026). Rehabilitation Robotics and Adaptive Motion Planning for Patient-Centric Care. In Intelligent Motion Control for Human-Centered Systems (pp. 51-76). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[42] Vettriselvan, R. (2025). Harnessing innovation and digital marketing in the era of industry 5.0: resilient healthcare SMEs. In The Future of Small Business in Industry 5.0 (pp. 163-186). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[43] Vettriselvan, R., & Anto, M. R. (2018). Pathetic health status and working condition of Zambian women. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 9(9), 259-264.
[44] Vettriselvan, R., & Rajan FSA, A. J. (2019). Occupational Health Issues Faced by Women in Spinners. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 10(1).
[45] Vettriselvan, R., Deepan, A., Jaiswani, G., Balakrishnan, A., & Sakthivel, R. (2025). Health Consequences of Early Marriage: Examining Morbidity and Long-Term Wellbeing. In Social, Political, and Health Implications of Early Marriage (pp. 189-212). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[46] Vettriselvan, R., Ramya, R., Selvalakshmi, V., Jyothi, P., & Velmurugan, P. R. (2026). Empowering Patients through Knowledge: Educational Strategies in Rehabilitation. In Holistic Approaches to Health Recovery (pp. 263-290). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[47] Vijayalakshmi, M., Subramani, A. K., Vettriselvan, R., Catherin, T. C., & Deepika, R. (2025). Sustainability and Responsibility in the Digital Era: Leveraging Green Marketing in Healthcare. In Digital Citizenship and Building a Responsible Online Presence (pp. 285-306). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[48] Vijayalakshmi, M., Subramani, A. K., Vettriselvan, R., Velmurugan, P. R., & Hasine, J. (2025). Strategic Collaborations in Medical Innovation and AI-Driven Globalization: Advancing Healthcare Startups. In Navigating Strategic Partnerships for Sustainable Startup Growth (pp. 85-110). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
[49] Zahoor, H., Mustafa, N., Ashifa, K. M., Safaei, M., & El Gamil, R. (2025). Unlocking resilience: Emotional intelligence and self-leadership shape stress perception among health students. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 38(4), 395–419.
Received : 05 February 2026
Accepted : 24 April 2026
Published : 27 April 2026
DOI: 10.30726/ijmrss/v13.i2.2026.13232