Prognostic Biomarkers in Disease Stratification Advancing Risk Prediction and Personalized Therapeutic Strategies in Clinical Medicine

Dr. Sudhir Kumar, Pradeep Kumar, Dipesh Kumar

Prognostic Biomarkers; Disease Stratification; Risk Prediction; Precision Medicine; Multi-Biomarker Analysis; Personalized Healthcare.

Prognostic biomarkers have become essential tools in modern clinical medicine, enabling clinicians to predict disease progression, stratify patient risk, and optimize therapeutic decision-making. This cross-sectional analytical study investigates the role of prognostic biomarkers in disease stratification using 276 patient clinical profiles. Multi-biomarker composite strategies significantly improve prognostic accuracy compared with single biomarker approaches, with multi-marker composite models demonstrating the highest AUC (0.89), sensitivity (87.3%), and clinical intervention rate (84.2%, F=7.62, p=0.001). The findings highlight the growing importance of biomarker-driven risk stratification frameworks in precision medicine.

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