Impact of AI on Labour Teaching Technologies

Dr. E. Karthikeyan, M.S.Shriram Sivasangarasamy, T.Rasika

Artificial Intelligence (AI); Educational Innovation; Teachers Learn and Integrate AI; Student Learning.

This study examines how teachers use Artificial Intelligence (AI) in both their classroom teaching and their professional development. Although AI has become an important part of educational innovation, most existing research focuses mainly on how AI tools are used with students, rather than how teachers themselves learn to use these technologies. To understand this gap, a systematic review was conducted on studies published between 2015 and 2024. Following the PRISMA guidelines, the review included a careful process of searching, screening, and selecting relevant literature. A total of 95 research articles were identified and analysed. Each study was reviewed to understand, how teachers are using AI in their teaching practices, what are the kinds of professional development opportunities are available to help teachers learn and integrate AI effectively. The analysis showed a clear imbalance in research distribution. About 65 per cent of the studies focused on how AI is used directly in teaching—such as conversational AI tools, AI-based learning and assessment systems, immersive technologies, visual/audio computing, and learning analytics. In contrast, only 35 per cent of the studies examined how AI supports teachers’ professional development. The findings reveal a significant gap: while AI is becoming more common in classrooms, much less attention is given to how teachers can be trained and supported in using these technologies. This review suggests that future research should place greater emphasis on teachers’ development needs and explore how AI can strengthen both teaching practices and student learning. It also highlights the importance of addressing technological and ethical issues to ensure that AI is used responsibly in education.

[1] Baker, R. S., & Hawn, A. (2021). Algorithmic bias in education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 32(4), 1052–1092.
[2] Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
[3] Celik, I., Dindar, M., Muukkonen, H., & Järvelä, S. (2022). The promises and challenges of artificial intelligence for teachers: A systematic review of research. TechTrends, 66(4), 616–630.
[4] Chen, L., Chen, P., & Lin, Z. (2022). Artificial intelligence in education: A review. IEEE Access, 8, 75264–75278.
[5] Ertmer, P. A., & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A. T. (2013). Removing obstacles to the pedagogical changes required by Jonassen’s vision of authentic technology-enabled learning. Computers & Education, 64, 175–182.
[6] Gillani, N., Eynon, R., Chiabaut, C., & Finkel, K. (2023). Unpacking the black box of AI in education. Educational Technology & Society, 26(1), 99–111.
[7] Holmes, W., Bialik, M., & Fadel, C. (2019). Artificial intelligence in education: Promises and implications for teaching and learning. Center for Curriculum Redesign.
[8] Kasneci, E., Sessler, K., Küchemann, S., Bannert, M., Dementieva, D., Fischer, F., … & Kasneci, G. (2023). ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education. Learning and Individual Differences, 103, 102274.
[9] Leung, J. K. L., Chu, S. K. W., & Qiao, M. S. (2021). Conceptualizing AI literacy: An exploratory review. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, 100041.10(1), 1–11.
[10] Radianti, J., Majchrzak, T. A., Fromm, J., & Wohlgenannt, I. (2020). A systematic review of immersive virtual reality applications for higher education: Design elements, lessons learned, and research agenda. Computers & Education, 147, 103778.
[11] Trust, T., Whalen, J., & Mouza, C. (2023). Editorial: Preparing teachers to teach with AI: Contexts, approaches, and evaluations. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 23(1), 1–9.
[12] Viberg, O., Hatakka, M., Bälter, O., & Mavroudi, A. (2018). The current landscape of learning analytics in higher education. Computers in Human Behavior, 89, 98–110.
[13] Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – where are the educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1–27.