Lifespan Approaches to Women’s Health Integrating Biological Transitions, Social Determinants and Precision Care Across the Life Course

Dr. Venu Gupta, Anita Rani, Dr. Rashmi Sharma

Lifespan Women’s Health; Life Course Epidemiology; Preventive Healthcare; Reproductive Transitions; Menopause; Healthy Ageing; Social Determinants Of Health; Precision Medicine; Digital Health Integration; Gender Equity; Chronic Disease Prevention; Women’s Health Policy.

A lifespan approach to women’s health redefines clinical and public health practice, repositioning care from episodic, reproductive-centred models toward longitudinal, equity-based, prevention-oriented frameworks. Biological transitions including puberty, reproductive maturation, pregnancy, menopause, and ageing combine with cumulative psychosocial, environmental, occupational, and structural exposures to shape long-term health trajectories. This paper synthesises current evidence of women’s health from early development through older adulthood, drawing on life-course epidemiology, sex and gender-specific biomedical research, pharmacotherapeutic evidence, and social determinants models. Key domains examined include reproductive health, mental health, bone and cardiometabolic health, chronic disease prevention, nutrition, occupational health, digital transformation, and longevity science. Key findings demonstrate how early-life exposures relate to mid and later-life functioning, how structural inequalities compound health risks over decades, and how well-timed interventions at key developmental stages can maximise lifelong wellbeing. The paper concludes that interdisciplinary integration, precision medicine, digital engagement strategies, and equity-based policy reform are essential for comprehensive women’s healthcare optimisation throughout life.

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